Fish in Kongsfjorden under the influence of climate warming

Introduction Kongsfjorden is being impacted by climate warming, which has fostered the increase of abundance Atlantic fish (e.g. cod, Gadus morhua ), that are non-endemic for Kongsfjorden. The growth and high predation potential may affect survival polar cod ( Boreogadus saida native species Kongsfjorden, a with ecological economic value. This means it important to monitor impact change on fjord community. This, as well experience successful use hydroacoustic techniques in fjord, encouraged us continue 2022 study began 2013 2014. Our main goal was understand confirm how community changed over last decade under influence global warming. Methods approach aimed not only replicate previous research conducted 2014, based same methodology collecting analyzing data, but also compare newly acquired data results available publications. histograms target strength (a measure sound backscatter an individual) were analyzed spatial distribution (regarding thermohaline structure “predator-prey” relationships) acoustically observed. Results presence shown. Furthermore, during period, size diversity observed, suggests food web decline cod. It confirmed process establishment non-Arctic continues. Discussion We went beyond temporal constraints studies, taking into account communities wider area long term. Therefore, our understanding warming been deepened. Further progress necessitates annual observation accompanied biological sampling.